Three British scientists have received this year's Nobel Prize in physics for work that "revealed the secrets of exotic matter".
London-born Duncan Haldane, David Thouless and Michael Kosterlitz "opened the door" to an unknown world where matter takes unusual states or phases, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said.
They were awarded the prize for their "theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter".
Mr Thouless, 82, born in Bearsden near Glasgow, is a professor emeritus at the University of Washington, while Mr Haldane, 65, born in London, is a physics professor at Princeton University in New Jersey.
Mr Kosterlitz, 73, born in Aberdeen, is a physics professor at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island.
Their research was conducted in the 1970s and '80s.
The award was announced in October and presented at a ceremony in Stockholm on Saturday, the anniversary of prize founder Alfred Nobel's death in 1896.
The three shared the prize which has a purse of £730,000.
One half of the prize was awarded to Mr Thouless, the other half jointly to Mr Haldane and Mr Kosterlitz.
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